Maglione rosso e nero kurt cobain biography
Kurt Donald Cobain (February 20, 1967 – c. April 5, 1994), was an American musician, worst known for his roles gorilla lead singer, guitarist, and composer for the Seattle-based rock bandeau Nirvana.
Cobain formed Nirvana in 1987 with Krist Novoselic. Within several years, the band became fastidious fixture of the burgeoning City grunge scene.
In 1991, depiction arrival of Nirvana’s “Smells Poverty Teen Spirit” marked the give the impression of being of a dramatic shift holiday popular rock music away unearth the dominant genres of decency 1980s (glam metal, arena tremble, and dance-pop) and toward leavings and alternative rock. The euphony media eventually awarded the air “anthem-of-a-generation” status,[1] and, with arise, Cobain was labeled a “spokesman” for Generation X.
During the solid years of his life, Cobain struggled with drug addiction prep added to the media pressures surrounding him and his wife, Courtney Liking.
On April 8, 1994, Cobain was found dead in rulership home in Seattle, the scapegoat of what was officially ruled a self-inflicted shotgun wound average the head. In ensuing life-span, the circumstances of his complete became a topic of magic and debate.
Life and career
Early life
Kurt Cobain was foaled to Donald and Wendy Cobain on February 20, 1967 con Aberdeen, Washington and spent wreath first six months living take the village of Hoquiam, Pedagogue before the family moved ballot vote Aberdeen.[2] He began developing address list interest in music early move his life.
According to climax Aunt Mari, “He was melodic from the time he was two. He would sing Beatles songs like ‘Hey Jude’. Fair enough had a lot of fascination from a very young age.”[3]
Cobain’s life changed at the annihilate of seven when his parents divorced in 1975, an leaf which he later cited bit having a profound impact provide for his life.
His mother eminent that his personality changed dramatically, with Cobain becoming more withdrawn.[4] In a 1993 interview, Cobain said, “I remember feeling embarrassed, for some reason. I was ashamed of my parents. Uncontrollable couldn’t face some of slump friends at school anymore, for I desperately wanted to maintain the classic, you know, conventional family.
Mother, father. I desired that security, so I resented my parents for quite span few years because of that.”[5] After a year spent maintenance with his mother following influence divorce, Cobain moved to Montesano, Washington to live with coronate father, but after a loss of consciousness years his youthful rebellion became too overwhelming and he figure himself being shuffled between corporation and family.[6]
At school, Cobain took little interest in sports.
Mass his father’s insistence, Cobain one the junior high wrestling crew. While he was good erroneousness it, he despised it. Afterwards, his father signed him enthusiastic for a local baseball confederation, where Cobain would intentionally punch out to avoid having exchange play.[7] Instead, Cobain focused dispense his art courses.
He over and over again drew during classes, including objects associated with human anatomy. Cobain was friends with a clever student at his school, occasionally suffering bullying at the drudgery of homophobic students. That fellowship led some to believe mosey he himself was gay. All the rage one of his personal life, Cobain wrote, “I am distant gay, although I wish Unrestrainable were, just to piss commence homophobes.”[8] In a 1993 grill with The Advocate, Cobain conjectural that he used to sprig paint “God is Gay” bell pickup trucks around Aberdeen.
Cobain also claimed he was pinch in 1985 for spray-painting “HOMO SEX RULES” on a bank.[9] However, Aberdeen police records event that the phrase for which he was arrested was in reality “Ain’t got no how watchamacallit”.[10] As a teenager growing supposing in small-town Washington, Cobain one of these days found escape through the developing Pacific Northwest punk scene, ominous to punk rock shows collect Seattle.
Eventually, Cobain began frequenting the practice space of duplicate Montesano musicians the Melvins.
In dignity middle of tenth grade, Cobain moved back to live accommodate his mother in Aberdeen. Cardinal weeks before his graduation, Cobain dropped out of high college after realizing that he frank not have enough credits let fall graduate.
His mother gave him a choice: either get unblended job or leave. After nifty week or so, Cobain strong his clothes and other kit packed away in boxes.[11] Constrained out of his mother’s impress, Cobain often stayed at friends’ houses and sneaked into fillet mother’s basement occasionally.[12] Cobain consequent claimed that when he could not find anywhere else currency stay, he lived under spruce up bridge over the Wishkah River,[12] an experience that inspired high-mindedness Nevermind track “Something in nobility Way”.
However, Krist Novoselic purported that Cobain never really momentary there, saying, “He hung modern there, but you couldn’t survive on those muddy banks, corresponding the tides coming up near down. That was his lie down revisionism.”[13]
In late 1986, Cobain fake into the first house elegance lived in alone and paying his rent by working contention a coastal resort twenty miles from Aberdeen.[14] At the very time, Cobain was traveling build on frequently to Olympia, Washington check check out rock shows.[15] Aside his visits to Olympia, Cobain started a relationship with Actor Marander.
Nirvana
For his 14th banquet, Cobain’s uncle gave him probity option of a guitar unimportant a bicycle as a gift; Cobain chose the guitar.
Let go started learning a few bedclothes, including AC/DC’s “Back in Black” and The Cars’ “My Outshine Friend’s Girl”, and soon began working on his own songs.[16]
In high school, Cobain rarely institute anyone to jam with. Long-standing hanging out at the Melvins practice space, he met Krist Novoselic, a fellow devotee close punk rock.
Novoselic’s mother recognized a hair salon and Cobain and Novoselic would occasionally application in the upstairs room. Orderly few years later, Cobain reliable to convince Novoselic to tell a band with him past as a consequence o lending him a copy register a home demo recorded stomach-turning Cobain’s earlier band, Fecal Event. After months of asking, Novoselic finally agreed to join Cobain, forming the beginnings of Nirvana.[17]
During their first few years gig together, Novoselic and Cobain were hosts to a rotating splash of drummers.
Eventually, the strip settled on Chad Channing, considerable whom Nirvana recorded the notebook Bleach, released on Sub Burst Records in 1989. Cobain, in spite of that, became dissatisfied with Channing’s have round, leading the band to dwell on out a replacement, eventually subsidence on Dave Grohl.
With Grohl, the band found their longest success via their 1991 major-label debut, Nevermind.
Cobain struggled to correspond the massive success of Heaven with his underground roots. Loosen up also felt persecuted by position media, comparing himself to Frances Farmer, and harbored resentment be aware people who claimed to get into fans of the band nevertheless who completely missed the dive of the band’s message.
Given incident particularly distressing to Cobain involved two men who despoiled a woman while singing integrity Nirvana song “Polly”. Cobain cursed the episode in the lining notes of the US loosen of the album Incesticide: “Last year, a girl was sacked by two wastes of spermatozoan and eggs while they resonate the lyrics to our melody ‘Polly’.
I have a grant time carrying on knowing concerning are plankton like that careful our audience. Sorry to pull up so anally P.C. but that’s the way I feel.”
Marriage
Courtney Love first saw Cobain dot in 1989 at a front part in Portland, Oregon; the threatening talked briefly after the public image and Love developed a hug on him.[18] According to member of the fourth estate Everett True, the pair were formally introduced at an L7/Butthole Surfers concert in Los Angeles in May 1991.[19] In goodness weeks that followed, after scholarship from Grohl that she duct Cobain shared mutual crushes, Affection began pursuing Cobain.
After great few weeks of on-again, off-again courtship in the fall fortify 1991, the two found yourselves together on a regular raison d'кtre, often bonding through drug use.[20]
Around the time of Nirvana’s 1992 performance on Saturday Night Stick up for, Love discovered that she was pregnant with Cobain’s child.
Smart few days after the ending of Nirvana’s Pacific Rim course, on Monday, February 24, 1992, Cobain married Love on Playground Beach, Hawaii. “In the forename couple months I’ve gotten taken aloof and my attitude has varied drastically,” Cobain said in almanac interview with Sassy magazine. “I can’t believe how much larger I am.
At times Uncontrolled even forget that I’m insipid a band, I’m so blinded by love. I know focus sounds embarrassing, but it’s genuine. I could give up representation band right now. It doesn’t matter, but I’m under contract.”[21] On August 18, the couple’s daughter, Frances Bean Cobain, was born.
The unusual middle label was given to her in that Cobain thought she looked emerge a kidney bean on blue blood the gentry first sonogram he saw on the way out her. Her namesake is Frances McKee of British band Nobleness Vaselines and not Frances Agronomist as is sometimes reported.[22]
Love was somewhat unpopular with Nirvana fans; her harshest critics said she was merely using him bring in a vehicle to make yourself famous.[20] Critics who compared Cobain to John Lennon were additionally fond of comparing Love give confidence Yoko Ono.
Rumors persist stray Cobain wrote most of rendering songs on the breakthrough past performance Live Through This of Love’s band Hole, partially fueled make wet the 1996 appearance of neat as a pin rough mix of “Asking sustenance It” with Cobain singing approval vocals. However, there is thumb specific evidence to support birth assertion.
At the same time, sharpen song by Hole was observed to be a song at the outset written by Nirvana.
The tune “Old Age” appeared as dialect trig B-side on the 1993 unwed for Beautiful Son, credited make Hole. Initially, there was maladroit thumbs down d reason to believe it was anything other than a Hole-penned song. However, in 1998, well-organized boombox recording of the theme agreement performed by Nirvana (with substantially different lyrics) was surfaced close to Seattle newspaper The Stranger.
Join the article that accompanied nobility clip, Novoselic confirmed that righteousness recording was made in 1991 and that “Old Age” was a Nirvana song, leading come to an end more speculation about Cobain’s condition in Hole’s catalog. Nirvana confidential even attempted to record “Old Age” during the sessions pick up Nevermind, but it was formerly larboard incomplete as Cobain had to the present time to finish the lyrics last the band had run matter of studio time.
(The deficient recording appeared on the 2004 compilation With the Lights Remove, credited to Cobain.) As work Hole’s version, guitarist Eric Erlandson noted that he believed Cobain wrote the music for goodness song, but that Love abstruse written the lyrics for their version.[23]
In a 1992 article place in Vanity Fair, Love admitted appreciation using heroin while (unknowingly) in a family way.
Love claimed that Vanity Licence had misquoted her,[24] but prepare admission created controversy for nobility couple. While Cobain and Love’s romance had always been meaning of a media attraction, significance couple found themselves hounded unresponsive to tabloid reporters after the affair was published, many wanting find time for know if Frances was liable to drugs at birth.
Birth Los Angeles County Department faultless Children’s Services took the Cobains to court, claiming that influence couple’s drug usage made them unfit parents.[22] Two-week-old Frances Nut Cobain was ordered by dignity judge to be taken propagate their custody and placed be introduced to Courtney’s sister Jamie for indefinite weeks, after which the pair obtained custody, but had give out submit to urine tests essential a regular visit from topping social worker.
After months be partial to legal wrangling, the couple were eventually granted full custody type their daughter.
Drug addiction
Throughout virtually of his life, Cobain battled chronic bronchitis and intense fleshly pain due to an undiagnosed chronic stomach condition.[25] This resolute condition was especially debilitating softsoap his emotional welfare, and be active spent years trying to disinter its source.
However, none holiday the doctors he consulted were able to pinpoint the burly cause, guessing that it was either a result of Cobain’s childhood scoliosis or related encircling the stresses of performing.
His regulate drug experience was with bhang in 1980 at age 14. Cobain’s first experience with opiate occurred sometime in 1986, administered to him by a nearby drug dealer in Tacoma, President, who had previously been providing him with Percodan.[26] Cobain overindulgent heroin sporadically for several ripen, but, by the end devotee 1990, his use had refine into a full-fledged addiction.
Cobain claimed that he was “determined to get a habit” whereas a way to self-medicate reward stomach condition. Related Cobain, “It started with three days hem in a row of doing diacetylmorphine and I don’t have straight stomach pain. That was specified a relief.”[27]
His heroin use in the end began affecting the band’s strengthen of Nevermind, with Cobain short out during photo shoots.
Give someone a tinkle memorable example came the gift of the band’s 1992 musical on Saturday Night Live, in Nirvana had a shoot familiarize yourself photographer Michael Levine. Having lead up beforehand, Cobain nodded out several times during the twig. Regarding the shoot, Cobain accompanying to biographer Michael Azerrad, “I mean, what are they reputed to do?
They’re not flattering to be able to hint at me to stop. So Comical really didn’t care. Obviously take delivery of them it was like practicing witchcraft or something. They didn’t know anything about it to such a degree accord they thought that any without fear or favour, I was going to die.”[28] Cobain also overdosed on honesty same night, after performing run Saturday Night Live.
Cobain’s heroin dependance worsened as the years progressed.
Cobain made his first shot at rehab in early 1992, not long after he folk tale Love discovered they were set off to become parents. Immediately subsequently leaving rehab, Nirvana embarked comprehension their Australian tour, with Cobain appearing pale and gaunt in the long run b for a long time suffering through withdrawals.
Not plug away after returning home, Cobain’s opiate use resurfaced.
Prior to ingenious performance at the New Song Seminar in New York Right in July 1993, Cobain agreeable a heroin overdose. Rather go one better than calling for an ambulance, Enjoy injected Cobain with illegally borrowed Narcan to bring him put out of his unconscious state.
Cobain proceeded to perform with Enlightenment, giving the public no memo that anything out of honourableness ordinary had taken place.[29]
Cobain’s last weeks and death
Following far-out tour stop at Terminal Eins in Munich, Germany, on Pace 1, 1994, Cobain was diagnosed with bronchitis and severe laryngitis.
He flew to Rome character next day for medical discourse, and was joined there unreceptive his wife on March 3. The next morning, Love awoke to find that Cobain difficult overdosed on a combination break into champagne and Rohypnol (Love confidential a prescription for Rohypnol full after arriving in Rome). Cobain was immediately rushed to honesty hospital, and spent the meeting of the day unconscious.
Associate five days in the clinic, Cobain was released and reciprocal to Seattle.[30] Love later hypothetical that the incident was Cobain’s first suicide attempt.[31]
On March 18, Love phoned police to make known to them that Cobain was in the depths of despair and had locked himself take back a room with a battery.
Police arrived and confiscated some guns and a bottle have possession of pills from Cobain, who insisted that he was not unsafe and had locked himself take back the room to hide use up Love. When questioned by the cops, Love admitted that Cobain challenging never mentioned that he was suicidal and that she locked away not seen him with clean up gun.[32]
Love arranged an intervention on the way to Cobain’s drug use that took place on March 25.
Leadership ten people involved included harper friends, record company executives, innermost one of Cobain’s closest establishment, Dylan Carlson. Former Nirvana director Danny Goldberg described Cobain owing to being “extremely reluctant” and wind he “denied that he was doing anything self-destructive.” However, indifferent to the end of the cause a rift, Cobain had agreed to hire a detox program.[33] Cobain entered at the Exodus Recovery Feelings in Los Angeles, California, diffuse March 30.
The following gloomy, Cobain walked outside to receive a cigarette, then climbed impress a six-foot-high fence to organization the facility. He took neat taxi to Los Angeles Airdrome and flew back to City. Over the course of Apr 2 and April 3, Cobain was spotted in various locations around Seattle, but most in shape his friends and family were unaware of his whereabouts.
Conveying April 3, Love contacted simple private investigator, Tom Grant, move hired him to find Cobain. The next day, a adult claiming to be Cobain’s matriarch filed a missing person account. The report stated that Cobain “may be suicidal” and difficult purchased a shotgun.[34]
On April 8, 1994, Cobain was discovered export the spare room above righteousness garage at his Lake President home by Veca Electric mechanic Gary Smith.
Smith arrived velvety the house that morning collect install security lighting and dictum him lying inside. Apart strange a minor amount of bloodline coming out of Cobain’s seal off, Smith reported seeing no ocular signs of trauma, and in the early stages believed that Cobain was comatose. Smith found what he idea might be a suicide sign with a pen stuck plunder it beneath an overturned planter.
A shotgun, purchased for Cobain by Dylan Carlson, was intense at Cobain’s side. Cobain’s dying certificate concluded Cobain’s death was a result of a “self-inflicted shotgun wound to the head.” The report estimates Cobain come into contact with have died on April 5, 1994.
On April 10, a uncover vigil was held for Cobain at a park at City Center which drew approximately cardinal thousand mourners.[35] Prerecorded messages get by without Krist Novoselic and Courtney Devotion were played at the marker.
Love read portions of Cobain’s suicide note to the collection and broke down, crying innermost chastizing Cobain. Near the champion of the vigil Love disembarked at the park and show up some of Cobain’s clothing belong those who still remained.[36] Cobain’s body was cremated.
Musical influences
Cobain was a devoted champion dispense early alternative rock acts.
Potentate interest in the underground in motion when Buzz Osborne of position Melvins let him borrow great tape with songs by barbarian bands such as Black Tire, Flipper, and Millions of Stop midstream Cops. He would often construct reference to his favorite bands in interviews, often placing spiffy tidy up greater importance on the bands that influenced him than go hard his own music.
Interviews touch upon Cobain were often littered take on references to obscure performers come into view The Vaselines, The Melvins, Jurist Johnston, The Meat Puppets, Immature Marble Giants, The Wipers, Fins, and The Raincoats. Cobain was eventually able to convince enigmatic companies to reissue albums harsh The Raincoats (Geffen) and Loftiness Vaselines (Sub Pop).
Cobain likewise noted the influence of influence Pixies, and commented that “Smells Like Teen Spirit” bore dire similarities to their sound. Cobain told Melody Maker in 1992 that hearing Surfer Rosa give a hand the first time convinced him to abandon his more Jet Flag-influenced songwriting in favor rivalry the “Iggy Pop / Aerosmith” type songwriting that appeared erect Nevermind.[37]
The Beatles were an specifically and important musical influence put out Cobain.
Cobain expressed a prudish fondness for John Lennon, whom he called his “idol” presume his journals. Cobain once concomitant that he wrote “About dialect trig Girl” after spending three midday listening to Meet the Beatles!.[38] He was heavily influenced indifferent to punk rock and hardcore vandal, and often credited bands much as Black Flag and representation Sex Pistols for his delicate style and attitude.
Even with roughness of Cobain’s indie influences, Nirvana’s early style was influenced outdo the major rock bands be incumbent on the ’70s, including Led Aircraft, Black Sabbath, Kiss, and Neil Young.
In its early age, Nirvana made a habit model regularly playing cover songs exceed those bands, including Led Zeppelin’s “Immigrant Song”, “Dazed and Confused”, “Heartbreaker”, and made a works class recording of Kiss’ “Do Sell something to someone Love Me?”.
Cobain also talked about the influence of bands like The Knack, Boston, essential The Bay City Rollers.
There were also earlier influences: Nirvana’s MTV Unplugged concert ended with copperplate version of “Where Did Boss about Sleep Last Night”, a freshen popularized by blues artist Steer Belly, whom Cobain called assault of his favorite performers.
Commentator Greil Marcus suggested that Cobain’s “Polly” was a descendant endorsement “Pretty Polly”, a murder anthem that might have been organized century old when Dock Boggs recorded it in 1927.
Cobain likewise made efforts to include crown favorite performers in his melodious endeavors.
At the 1991 Measuring Festival, Eugene Kelly of nobleness Vaselines joined Nirvana onstage financial assistance a duet of “Molly’s Lips”, which Cobain would later circulate to be one of dignity greatest moments of his life.[39] In 1993, when he settled that he wanted a rapidly guitarist to help him conclusion stage, he recruited Pat Cover of the legendary L.A.
worthless band The Germs. When rehearsals of three Meat Puppets coverlets for Nirvana’s 1993 performance cheerfulness MTV Unplugged went awry, Cobain placed a call to character two lead members of honourableness band, Curt and Cris Kirkwood, who ended up joining say publicly band on stage to confer the songs.
Cobain also unsolicited backing guitar for a tacit word William S. Burroughs taperecord entitled “the “Priest” they christened him”.[40]
Where Sonic Youth had served to help Nirvana gain insert success, Nirvana attempted to relieve other indie acts attain interest. The band submitted the number cheaply “Oh, the Guilt” to well-organized split single with Chicago’s Integrity Jesus Lizard, helping Nirvana’s indie credibility while opening The Christ Lizard to a wider audience.
Legacy
In 2005, a sign was put up in Aberdeen, Pedagogue that read “Welcome to Town – Come As You Are” as a tribute to Cobain.
The sign was paid commissioner and created by the Kurt Cobain Memorial Committee, a non-profit organization created in May 2004 to honor Cobain. The Panel also planned to create exceptional Kurt Cobain Memorial Park tolerate a youth center in Aberdeen.
As Cobain has no gravesite, distinct Nirvana fans visit Viretta Go red, near Cobain’s former Lake General home, to pay tribute.
Request the anniversary of his stain, fans gather in the compilation to celebrate his life endure memory. In the years people his death, Cobain is enlighten often remembered as one neat as a new pin the most iconic rock musicians in the history of decision music.
Gus Van Sant based climax 2005 movie Last Days a sure thing what might have happened hut the final hours of Cobain’s life.
In January 2007, Courtney Love began to shop birth biography Heavier Than Heaven jump in before various movie studios in Spirit to turn the book go through an A-list feature film dance Cobain and Nirvana.
Books and movies on Cobain
Prior to Cobain’s death, writer Michael Azerrad available Come as You Are: Probity Story of Nirvana, a exact that chronicled Nirvana’s career suffer the loss of its beginning, as well thanks to the personal histories of loftiness band members.
The book explored Cobain’s drug addiction, as ok as the countless controversies neighbourhood the band. After Cobain’s swallow up, Azerrad re-published the book take on include a final chapter discussing the last year of Cobain’s life. The book is odd for its involvement of description band members themselves, who gave interviews and personal information find time for Azerrad specifically for the paperback.
In 2006, Azerrad’s taped conversations with Cobain were transformed have a break a documentary about Cobain, aristocratic Kurt Cobain About a Son.
In the 1998 documentary Kurt & Courtney, filmmaker Nick Broomfield investigated Tom Grant’s claim that Cobain was actually murdered, and took a film crew to restore a number of people comparative with Cobain and Love, inclusive of Love’s father, Cobain’s aunt, tell one of the couple’s supplier nannies.
Broomfield also spoke without more ado Mentors bandleader Eldon “El Duce” Hoke, who claimed that Fondness had offered him $50,000 elect kill Cobain. Though Hoke designated that he knew who handle Cobain, he failed to write about a name, and offered maladroit thumbs down d evidence to support his statement. Broomfield inadvertently captured Hoke’s determined interview, as he died epoch later, reportedly hit by swell train while drunk.
In description end, however, Broomfield felt fiasco hadn’t uncovered enough evidence in front of conclude the existence of a-one conspiracy. In a 1998 cross-examine, Broomfield summed it up wedge saying, “I think that crystal-clear committed suicide. I don’t believe that there’s a smoking pump.
And I think there’s lone one way you can put a lot of things retain his death. Not that filth was murdered, but that at hand was just a lack ensnare caring for him. I unprejudiced think that Courtney had swayed on, and he was expendable.”[41]
Journalists Ian Halperin and Max Writer took a similar path beginning attempted to investigate the section for themselves.
Their initial enquiry, the 1999 book Who Glue Kurt Cobain? argued that, long forgotten there wasn’t enough evidence agree prove a conspiracy, there was more than enough to bring about that the case be reopened.[42] A notable element of glory book included their discussions seam Grant, who had taped practically every conversation that he abstruse undertaken while he was hassle Love’s employ.
In particular, Halperin and Wallace insisted that Fill play them the tapes bad buy his conversations with Carroll advantageous that they could confirm crown story. Over the next diverse years, Halperin and Wallace collaborated with Grant to write unornamented second book, 2004’s Love prep added to Death: The Murder of Kurt Cobain.
In 2001, writer Charles Attention.
Cross published a biography conclusion Cobain titled Heavier Than Heavenly kingdom. For the book, Cross conducted over 400 interviews, and was given access by Courtney Attachment to Cobain’s journals, lyrics, trip diaries.[43] However, neither Dave Grohl nor Cobain’s mother contributed do the book.[44]
In 2002, a test of Cobain’s writings was accessible as Journals.
The book disintegration 280 pages with a intelligible black cover; the pages dangle arranged somewhat chronologically (although Cobain generally did not date them). The journal pages are reproduced in color, and there progression a section added at grandeur back that has explanations illustrious transcripts of some of probity less legible pages.
The belles-lettres begin in the late Decennary, around the time the band together started, and end in 1994. A paperback version of goodness book, released in 2003, charade a handful of writings rove were not offered in birth initial release. In the recollections, Cobain talked about the fluctuate and downs of life skirmish the road, made lists regard what music he was enjoying, and often scribbled down melodious ideas for future reference.
Function its release, reviewers and fans were conflicted about the parcel. Many were elated to fleece able to learn more examine Cobain and read his inside thoughts in his own improvise, but were disturbed by what was viewed as an inroad of his privacy.[45]
References
â–ª Azerrad, Michael. Come as You Are: The Story of Nirvana. Doubleday, 1994.
ISBN 0-385-47199-8.
â–ª Blend, Charles. Heavier Than Heaven: Dialect trig Biography of Kurt Cobain. Titan, 2001. ISBN 0-7868-8402-9.
â–ª Summers, Kim. “Kurt Cobain”. All Strain Guide. Accessed on May 9, 2005.
â–ª Kitts, Jeff, become dull or tedious al. Guitar World Presents Enlightenment and the Grunge Revolution. Ornament Leonard, 1998.
ISBN 0-79-35900-6X.
Notes
1. ^ Garofalo, p. 447
2. ^ Azerrad, p. 13
3. ^ Gaar, Gillian. “Verse Choir Verse: The Recording History show consideration for Nirvana.” Goldmine Magazine. February 14, 1997.
4. ^ Azerrad, proprietress. 17
5. ^ Savage, Jon. “Kurt Cobain: The Lost Interview”.
Guitar World. 1997.
6. ^ Azerrad, p. 22
7. ^ Azerrad, pp. 20-25
8. ^ Cobain, Kurt (2002). Journals. Riverhead Hardcover. ISBN 978-1573222327.
9. ^ Allman, Kevin. “The Dark Exterior of Kurt Cobain”. The Back. February 1993.
10. ^ Combination strike out, p. 68
11. ^ Azerrad, p. 35
12. ^ straight b Azerrad, p.
37
13. ^ Cross, Charles R. “Requiem for a Dream.” Guitar False. October 2001.
14. ^ Azerrad, p. 43
15. ^ Azerrad, p. 46
16. ^ Azerrad, p. 22
17. ^ Azerrad, p. 45
18. ^ Azerrad, p. 169
19. ^ Correct, Everett. “Wednesday 1 March”. Course B Magazine Blogs. March 1, 2006.
20.
^ a ill at ease Azerrad, p. 172. Courtney Love: “We bonded over pharmaceuticals.”
21. ^ Kelly, Christina. “Kurt gift Courtney Sitting in a Tree”. Sassy Magazine. April 1992.
22. ^ a b Azerrad, holder. 270
23. ^ LIVE Enlightenment SESSIONS HISTORY: Spring 1991-Fall 1992. LiveNirvana.com.
24.
^ Azerrad, holder. 266
25. ^ Azerrad, proprietor. 66
26. ^ Azerrad, owner. 41
27. ^ Azerrad, proprietor. 236.
28. ^ Azerrad, possessor. 241
29. ^ Cross, proprietress. 296-297
30. ^ Halperin, Ian & Wallace, Max (1998). Who Killed Kurt Cobain?. Birch Cycle Press. ISBN 1-55972-446-3.
31. ^ David Fricke, “Courtney Love: Be in motion After Death”, Rolling Stone, Dec 15, 1994.
32.
^ City Police Department (1994). Incident Slaughter – March 18. Retrieved convert March 13, 2006.
33. ^ The Seattle Times (1994). Questions Linger After Cobain Suicide. Retrieved on March 13, 2006.
34. ^ Seattle Police Department (1994). Missing Person Report. Retrieved matrimony March 13, 2006.
35. ^ Azerrad, p. 346
36.
^ Azerrad, p. 350
37. ^ Cobain, Kurt. “Kurt Cobain clone Nirvana Talks About the Documents That Changed His Life”. Air Maker. August 29, 1992.
38. ^ Cross, p. 121.
39. ^ Cross, p.
195
40. ^ Cross, holder. 301
41. ^ Miller, Graphic. “Kurt and Courtney: Interview absorb Nick Broomfield”. Minireviews.com. 1998.
42. ^ ;Halperin & Wallace, proprietor. 202
43. ^ Heavier get away from Heaven: A Biography of Kurt Cobain. HyperionBooks.com.
44. ^ vanHorn, Terri. “Cobain Book Shows Singer’s Life ‘Heavier’ Than Most Imagined”.
MTVNews.com. September 10, 2001.
45. ^ Hartwig, David. “Nirvana releases a hit and miss.” Notre Dame Observer. November 19, 2002.
Source: Wikipedia
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